Identifying English Grammar Topics in Text

Instructions: Read the following text and identify the sentences that relate to the topics you have seen, as well as explain why they are from that topic. (Lee el siguiente texto e identifica las oraciones que se relacionan con los temas vistos, así mismo explica el por qué son de ese tema.)

Topics to be identified (Temas vistos a identificar):

Past Perfect Object Questions Present Perfect Question Tags Second Conditional Relative Clauses Third Conditional Past Perfect Continuous Subject Questions Present Perfect Continuous

The Discovery of Water on Mars Scientists have discovered water on Mars. This discovery is important because it shows that life could have existed there. They have been studying Mars for many years, using advanced technology. If they had found water earlier, they might have started exploring Mars sooner. One of the scientists who made this discovery was Dr. Alice Johnson. She has worked at NASA for over ten years. Her team had been investigating Mars's surface when they found evidence of water. If humans could live on Mars, it would be a great achievement. But, if they had not discovered water, they wouldn't have considered colonizing Mars. Who discovered water on Mars? It was a team led by Dr. Johnson. What did they find? They found signs of water beneath the surface. This finding, which is crucial for future space missions, raises many questions. Scientists will continue their research, won't they? They have already planned new missions to Mars, focusing on areas where water has been detected. If they discover more water, it will confirm their theories. The search for water on Mars has been ongoing for decades. Scientists had been hoping to find signs of life, and now they have taken a significant step forward.

Answers: 1.- Past Perfect:

Why?

2.- Present Perfect:

Why?

3.- Second Conditional:

Why?

4.- Third Conditional:

Why?

5.- Subject Question:

Why?

6.- Object Question:

Why?

7.- Tag Question:

Why?

8.- Relative Clauses:

Why?

9.- Past Perfect Continuous:

Why?

10.- Present Perfect Continuous:

Why?

Here are the identified sentences from the text related to the specified topics, along with explanations for each:

1. Past Perfect:

   • Sentence: "If they had found water earlier, they might have started exploring Mars sooner."
   • Why? This sentence uses the past perfect ("had found") to indicate an action that was completed before another past action ("might have started"). It reflects a hypothetical situation in the past.

2. Present Perfect:

   • Sentence: "Scientists have discovered water on Mars."
   • Why? The present perfect tense ("have discovered") is used to indicate an action that has relevance to the present moment, showing that the discovery is significant now.

3. Second Conditional:

   • Sentence: "If humans could live on Mars, it would be a great achievement."
   • Why? This sentence uses the second conditional structure ("could live" and "would be") to express a hypothetical situation that is not true in the present.

4. Third Conditional:

   • Sentence: "But, if they had not discovered water, they wouldn't have considered colonizing Mars."
   • Why? This sentence employs the third conditional ("had not discovered" and "wouldn't have considered") to discuss a hypothetical situation in the past that did not happen.

5. Subject Question:

   • Sentence: "Who discovered water on Mars?"
   • Why? This is a subject question because it asks about the subject of the action (who performed the discovery).

6. Object Question:

   • Sentence: "What did they find?"
   • Why? This is an object question because it inquires about the object of the action (what was found).

7. Tag Question:

   • Sentence: "Scientists will continue their research, won't they?"
   • Why? This is a tag question because it adds a short question ("won't they") at the end of a statement to confirm or seek agreement.

8. Relative Clauses:

   • Sentence: "One of the scientists who made this discovery was Dr. Alice Johnson."
   • Why? This sentence contains a relative clause ("who made this discovery") that provides additional information about the noun "scientists."

9. Past Perfect Continuous:

   • Sentence: "Her team had been investigating Mars's surface when they found evidence of water."
   • Why? This sentence uses the past perfect continuous tense ("had been investigating") to indicate an action that was ongoing in the past before another past action occurred.

10. Present Perfect Continuous:

    • Sentence: "Scientists have been studying Mars for many years, using advanced technology."
    • Why? This sentence uses the present perfect continuous tense ("have been studying") to indicate an action that started in the past and continues to the present, emphasizing the duration of the study.